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magnetic deviation
Magnetic deviation is the error induced in a compass by ''local'' magnetic fields, which must be allowed for, along with magnetic declination, if accurate bearings are to be calculated. (More loosely, "magnetic deviation" is used by some to mean the same as "magnetic declination". This article is about the former meaning.)
==Compass readings==
Compasses are used to determine the direction of true North. However, the compass reading must be corrected for two effects. The first is magnetic declination, the angular difference between ''magnetic North'' (the local direction of the Earth's magnetic field) and true North. The second is ''magnetic deviation'', the angular difference between magnetic North and the compass needle due to nearby sources of interference such as magnetically permeable bodies, or other magnetic fields within the field of influence.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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